Getting stopped by law enforcement, whether or not you have been drinking alcohol, is a very stressful experience. Once an officer asks a driver if they have been drinking chances are good that a DUI investigation will begin. For many people it is difficult to know how to respond to an officer’s questions and commands during a DUI stop. This article deals with one important part of the DUI investigation: The breath test(s).
There are really two different breath tests you may be asked to perform in this situation. The first is a portable breath test (PBT). The second is the BAC (Breath Alcohol Content) machine which is performed after an arrest at the police station.
The PBT is a device that officers carry with them in their patrol cars. Usually, they will ask the driver to step out of their car and blow into it. Most of my clients tell me that officers make this seem like a command rather than a request. Alternatively, an officer will make it seem like you can go home if you pass the test. Do not be fooled. If you have drank alcohol and you take a PBT chances are very good that the officer will arrest you directly after you do a PBT. If you have already taken Field Sobriety Tests, which I also advise you not do, then the officer will probably arrest you anyways. In Washington state, you do not have to take a PBT. You have a right to decline the PBT and I advise all of my clients to not take it.
If you take a PBT it cannot be used against you as evidence at trial. However, the prosecutor will see the PBT result in the evidence, and it absolutely affects their willingness to reduce DUI charges to a lesser charge.
The BAC machine Washington state is currently using is the Datamaster. The Datamaster is a better measurement of breath alcohol content than the PBT, but it is often far from accurate. In recent years, the results of the Datamaster have been suppressed as evidence in many Washington courts due to serious deviations from procedure at the Washington State Toxicology Lab.
*I advise my clients to take the BAC test at the station! It is better to let the officer collect whatever breath alcohol sample s/he wants at the station and let the attorneys deal with the reliability of those samples later. The consequences for refusing a BAC test are harsh! You will face penalties imposed by 1) the Department of Licensing (DOL) and 2) the court. The DOL sanction alone for refusing to take the breath test is a one year license suspension for your first DUI and a two year license suspension for your second DUI within seven years.
The reason the state can suspend your license upon a refusal to take a breath test is due to Washington’s Implied Consent law:
RCW 46.20.308 reads:
(1) Any person who operates a motor vehicle within this state is deemed to have given consent, subject to the provisions of RCW 46.61.506, to a test or tests of his or her breath or blood for the purpose of determining the alcohol concentration or presence of any drug in his or her breath or blood if arrested for any offense where, at the time of the arrest, the arresting officer has reasonable grounds to believe the person had been driving or was in actual physical control of a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or any drug or was in violation of RCW 46.61.503.
So if you ever find yourself in this unfortunate situation within Washington state remember to be polite and cooperate with law enforcement, decline to take a roadside PBT, and take a breath test at the police station. Your DUI attorney will thank you.
*If you have been arrested for DUI multiple times check with your attorney for advise on whether to take the BAC test.